diff --git a/src/flask/_compat.py b/src/flask/_compat.py
deleted file mode 100644
index ee47d821..00000000
--- a/src/flask/_compat.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-"""
-    flask._compat
-    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-    Some py2/py3 compatibility support based on a stripped down
-    version of six so we don't have to depend on a specific version
-    of it.
-
-    :copyright: 2010 Pallets
-    :license: BSD-3-Clause
-"""
-import sys
-
-PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
-_identity = lambda x: x
-
-try:  # Python 2
-    text_type = unicode
-    string_types = (str, unicode)
-    integer_types = (int, long)
-except NameError:  # Python 3
-    text_type = str
-    string_types = (str,)
-    integer_types = (int,)
-
-if not PY2:
-    iterkeys = lambda d: iter(d.keys())
-    itervalues = lambda d: iter(d.values())
-    iteritems = lambda d: iter(d.items())
-
-    from inspect import getfullargspec as getargspec
-    from io import StringIO
-    import collections.abc as collections_abc
-
-    def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
-        if value.__traceback__ is not tb:
-            raise value.with_traceback(tb)
-        raise value
-
-    implements_to_string = _identity
-
-else:
-    iterkeys = lambda d: d.iterkeys()
-    itervalues = lambda d: d.itervalues()
-    iteritems = lambda d: d.iteritems()
-
-    from inspect import getargspec
-    from cStringIO import StringIO
-    import collections as collections_abc
-
-    exec("def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):\n raise tp, value, tb")
-
-    def implements_to_string(cls):
-        cls.__unicode__ = cls.__str__
-        cls.__str__ = lambda x: x.__unicode__().encode("utf-8")
-        return cls
-
-
-def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
-    """Create a base class with a metaclass."""
-    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a
-    # dummy metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces
-    # itself with the actual metaclass.
-    class metaclass(type):
-        def __new__(metacls, name, this_bases, d):
-            return meta(name, bases, d)
-
-    return type.__new__(metaclass, "temporary_class", (), {})
-
-
-# Certain versions of pypy have a bug where clearing the exception stack
-# breaks the __exit__ function in a very peculiar way.  The second level of
-# exception blocks is necessary because pypy seems to forget to check if an
-# exception happened until the next bytecode instruction?
-#
-# Relevant PyPy bugfix commit:
-# https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/commits/77ecf91c635a287e88e60d8ddb0f4e9df4003301
-# According to ronan on #pypy IRC, it is released in PyPy2 2.3 and later
-# versions.
-#
-# Ubuntu 14.04 has PyPy 2.2.1, which does exhibit this bug.
-BROKEN_PYPY_CTXMGR_EXIT = False
-if hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info"):
-
-    class _Mgr(object):
-        def __enter__(self):
-            return self
-
-        def __exit__(self, *args):
-            if hasattr(sys, "exc_clear"):
-                # Python 3 (PyPy3) doesn't have exc_clear
-                sys.exc_clear()
-
-    try:
-        try:
-            with _Mgr():
-                raise AssertionError()
-        except:  # noqa: B001
-            # We intentionally use a bare except here. See the comment above
-            # regarding a pypy bug as to why.
-            raise
-    except TypeError:
-        BROKEN_PYPY_CTXMGR_EXIT = True
-    except AssertionError:
-        pass
-
-
-try:
-    from os import fspath
-except ImportError:
-    # Backwards compatibility as proposed in PEP 0519:
-    # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0519/#backwards-compatibility
-    def fspath(path):
-        return path.__fspath__() if hasattr(path, "__fspath__") else path
diff --git a/src/flask/app.py b/src/flask/app.py
index 93b12e90..c1996cf4 100644
--- a/src/flask/app.py
+++ b/src/flask/app.py
@@ -31,10 +31,6 @@ from werkzeug.wrappers import BaseResponse
 
 from . import cli
 from . import json
-from ._compat import integer_types
-from ._compat import reraise
-from ._compat import string_types
-from ._compat import text_type
 from .config import Config
 from .config import ConfigAttribute
 from .ctx import _AppCtxGlobals
@@ -1179,10 +1175,10 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
         # a tuple of only ``GET`` as default.
         if methods is None:
             methods = getattr(view_func, "methods", None) or ("GET",)
-        if isinstance(methods, string_types):
+        if isinstance(methods, str):
             raise TypeError(
-                "Allowed methods have to be iterables of strings, "
-                'for example: @app.route(..., methods=["POST"])'
+                "Allowed methods must be a list of strings, for"
+                ' example: @app.route(..., methods=["POST"])'
             )
         methods = set(item.upper() for item in methods)
 
@@ -1278,7 +1274,7 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
         :param exc_class_or_code: Any exception class, or an HTTP status
             code as an integer.
         """
-        if isinstance(exc_class_or_code, integer_types):
+        if isinstance(exc_class_or_code, int):
             exc_class = default_exceptions[exc_class_or_code]
         else:
             exc_class = exc_class_or_code
@@ -1727,13 +1723,6 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
 
         .. versionadded:: 0.7
         """
-        exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
-        assert exc_value is e
-        # ensure not to trash sys.exc_info() at that point in case someone
-        # wants the traceback preserved in handle_http_exception.  Of course
-        # we cannot prevent users from trashing it themselves in a custom
-        # trap_http_exception method so that's their fault then.
-
         if isinstance(e, BadRequestKeyError):
             if self.debug or self.config["TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS"]:
                 e.show_exception = True
@@ -1752,7 +1741,8 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
         handler = self._find_error_handler(e)
 
         if handler is None:
-            reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
+            raise
+
         return handler(e)
 
     def handle_exception(self, e):
@@ -1789,20 +1779,18 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
 
         .. versionadded:: 0.3
         """
-        exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
+        exc_info = sys.exc_info()
         got_request_exception.send(self, exception=e)
 
         if self.propagate_exceptions:
-            # if we want to repropagate the exception, we can attempt to
-            # raise it with the whole traceback in case we can do that
-            # (the function was actually called from the except part)
-            # otherwise, we just raise the error again
-            if exc_value is e:
-                reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
-            else:
-                raise e
+            # Re-raise if called with an active exception, otherwise
+            # raise the passed in exception.
+            if exc_info[1] is e:
+                raise
 
-        self.log_exception((exc_type, exc_value, tb))
+            raise e
+
+        self.log_exception(exc_info)
         server_error = InternalServerError()
         # TODO: pass as param when Werkzeug>=1.0.0 is required
         # TODO: also remove note about this from docstring and docs
@@ -2026,7 +2014,7 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
 
         # make sure the body is an instance of the response class
         if not isinstance(rv, self.response_class):
-            if isinstance(rv, (text_type, bytes, bytearray)):
+            if isinstance(rv, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
                 # let the response class set the status and headers instead of
                 # waiting to do it manually, so that the class can handle any
                 # special logic
@@ -2040,13 +2028,12 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
                 try:
                     rv = self.response_class.force_type(rv, request.environ)
                 except TypeError as e:
-                    new_error = TypeError(
+                    raise TypeError(
                         "{e}\nThe view function did not return a valid"
                         " response. The return type must be a string, dict, tuple,"
                         " Response instance, or WSGI callable, but it was a"
                         " {rv.__class__.__name__}.".format(e=e, rv=rv)
-                    )
-                    reraise(TypeError, new_error, sys.exc_info()[2])
+                    ).with_traceback(sys.exc_info()[2])
             else:
                 raise TypeError(
                     "The view function did not return a valid"
@@ -2057,7 +2044,7 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
 
         # prefer the status if it was provided
         if status is not None:
-            if isinstance(status, (text_type, bytes, bytearray)):
+            if isinstance(status, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
                 rv.status = status
             else:
                 rv.status_code = status
@@ -2121,23 +2108,24 @@ class Flask(_PackageBoundObject):
             func(endpoint, values)
 
     def handle_url_build_error(self, error, endpoint, values):
-        """Handle :class:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` on :meth:`url_for`.
+        """Handle :class:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` on
+        :meth:`url_for`.
         """
-        exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
         for handler in self.url_build_error_handlers:
             try:
                 rv = handler(error, endpoint, values)
+            except BuildError as e:
+                # make error available outside except block
+                error = e
+            else:
                 if rv is not None:
                     return rv
-            except BuildError as e:
-                # make error available outside except block (py3)
-                error = e
 
-        # At this point we want to reraise the exception.  If the error is
-        # still the same one we can reraise it with the original traceback,
-        # otherwise we raise it from here.
-        if error is exc_value:
-            reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
+        # Re-raise if called with an active exception, otherwise raise
+        # the passed in exception.
+        if error is sys.exc_info()[1]:
+            raise
+
         raise error
 
     def preprocess_request(self):
diff --git a/src/flask/cli.py b/src/flask/cli.py
index de4690b1..4b3da207 100644
--- a/src/flask/cli.py
+++ b/src/flask/cli.py
@@ -25,10 +25,6 @@ from threading import Thread
 import click
 from werkzeug.utils import import_string
 
-from ._compat import getargspec
-from ._compat import itervalues
-from ._compat import reraise
-from ._compat import text_type
 from .globals import current_app
 from .helpers import get_debug_flag
 from .helpers import get_env
@@ -63,7 +59,7 @@ def find_best_app(script_info, module):
             return app
 
     # Otherwise find the only object that is a Flask instance.
-    matches = [v for v in itervalues(module.__dict__) if isinstance(v, Flask)]
+    matches = [v for v in module.__dict__.values() if isinstance(v, Flask)]
 
     if len(matches) == 1:
         return matches[0]
@@ -105,7 +101,7 @@ def call_factory(script_info, app_factory, arguments=()):
     of arguments. Checks for the existence of a script_info argument and calls
     the app_factory depending on that and the arguments provided.
     """
-    args_spec = getargspec(app_factory)
+    args_spec = inspect.getfullargspec(app_factory)
     arg_names = args_spec.args
     arg_defaults = args_spec.defaults
 
@@ -241,7 +237,7 @@ def locate_app(script_info, module_name, app_name, raise_if_not_found=True):
     except ImportError:
         # Reraise the ImportError if it occurred within the imported module.
         # Determine this by checking whether the trace has a depth > 1.
-        if sys.exc_info()[-1].tb_next:
+        if sys.exc_info()[2].tb_next:
             raise NoAppException(
                 'While importing "{name}", an ImportError was raised:'
                 "\n\n{tb}".format(name=module_name, tb=traceback.format_exc())
@@ -327,7 +323,7 @@ class DispatchingApp(object):
         exc_info = self._bg_loading_exc_info
         if exc_info is not None:
             self._bg_loading_exc_info = None
-            reraise(*exc_info)
+            raise exc_info
 
     def _load_unlocked(self):
         __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
@@ -741,11 +737,7 @@ def _validate_key(ctx, param, value):
     """
     cert = ctx.params.get("cert")
     is_adhoc = cert == "adhoc"
-
-    if sys.version_info < (2, 7, 9):
-        is_context = cert and not isinstance(cert, (text_type, bytes))
-    else:
-        is_context = ssl and isinstance(cert, ssl.SSLContext)
+    is_context = ssl and isinstance(cert, ssl.SSLContext)
 
     if value is not None:
         if is_adhoc:
diff --git a/src/flask/config.py b/src/flask/config.py
index 7cb9f58c..3c7450cc 100644
--- a/src/flask/config.py
+++ b/src/flask/config.py
@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@ import types
 
 from werkzeug.utils import import_string
 
-from ._compat import iteritems
-from ._compat import string_types
-
 
 class ConfigAttribute(object):
     """Makes an attribute forward to the config"""
@@ -169,7 +166,7 @@ class Config(dict):
 
         :param obj: an import name or object
         """
-        if isinstance(obj, string_types):
+        if isinstance(obj, str):
             obj = import_string(obj)
         for key in dir(obj):
             if key.isupper():
@@ -261,7 +258,7 @@ class Config(dict):
         .. versionadded:: 0.11
         """
         rv = {}
-        for k, v in iteritems(self):
+        for k, v in self.items():
             if not k.startswith(namespace):
                 continue
             if trim_namespace:
diff --git a/src/flask/ctx.py b/src/flask/ctx.py
index 8f96c5fd..040c4789 100644
--- a/src/flask/ctx.py
+++ b/src/flask/ctx.py
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ from functools import update_wrapper
 
 from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
 
-from ._compat import BROKEN_PYPY_CTXMGR_EXIT
-from ._compat import reraise
 from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
 from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
 from .signals import appcontext_popped
@@ -248,9 +246,6 @@ class AppContext(object):
     def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb):
         self.pop(exc_value)
 
-        if BROKEN_PYPY_CTXMGR_EXIT and exc_type is not None:
-            reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
-
 
 class RequestContext(object):
     """The request context contains all request relevant information.  It is
@@ -463,9 +458,6 @@ class RequestContext(object):
         # See flask.testing for how this works.
         self.auto_pop(exc_value)
 
-        if BROKEN_PYPY_CTXMGR_EXIT and exc_type is not None:
-            reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
-
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s '%s' [%s] of %s>" % (
             self.__class__.__name__,
diff --git a/src/flask/debughelpers.py b/src/flask/debughelpers.py
index 7117d782..623956d3 100644
--- a/src/flask/debughelpers.py
+++ b/src/flask/debughelpers.py
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
 import os
 from warnings import warn
 
-from ._compat import implements_to_string
-from ._compat import text_type
 from .app import Flask
 from .blueprints import Blueprint
 from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
@@ -24,7 +22,6 @@ class UnexpectedUnicodeError(AssertionError, UnicodeError):
     """
 
 
-@implements_to_string
 class DebugFilesKeyError(KeyError, AssertionError):
     """Raised from request.files during debugging.  The idea is that it can
     provide a better error message than just a generic KeyError/BadRequest.
@@ -110,13 +107,13 @@ def _dump_loader_info(loader):
         if key.startswith("_"):
             continue
         if isinstance(value, (tuple, list)):
-            if not all(isinstance(x, (str, text_type)) for x in value):
+            if not all(isinstance(x, str) for x in value):
                 continue
             yield "%s:" % key
             for item in value:
                 yield "  - %s" % item
             continue
-        elif not isinstance(value, (str, text_type, int, float, bool)):
+        elif not isinstance(value, (str, int, float, bool)):
             continue
         yield "%s: %r" % (key, value)
 
diff --git a/src/flask/helpers.py b/src/flask/helpers.py
index 2811d7dc..6bfc162d 100644
--- a/src/flask/helpers.py
+++ b/src/flask/helpers.py
@@ -30,10 +30,6 @@ from werkzeug.routing import BuildError
 from werkzeug.urls import url_quote
 from werkzeug.wsgi import wrap_file
 
-from ._compat import fspath
-from ._compat import PY2
-from ._compat import string_types
-from ._compat import text_type
 from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
 from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
 from .globals import current_app
@@ -576,9 +572,9 @@ def send_file(
     fsize = None
 
     if hasattr(filename_or_fp, "__fspath__"):
-        filename_or_fp = fspath(filename_or_fp)
+        filename_or_fp = os.fspath(filename_or_fp)
 
-    if isinstance(filename_or_fp, string_types):
+    if isinstance(filename_or_fp, str):
         filename = filename_or_fp
         if not os.path.isabs(filename):
             filename = os.path.join(current_app.root_path, filename)
@@ -608,7 +604,7 @@ def send_file(
         if attachment_filename is None:
             raise TypeError("filename unavailable, required for sending as attachment")
 
-        if not isinstance(attachment_filename, text_type):
+        if not isinstance(attachment_filename, str):
             attachment_filename = attachment_filename.decode("utf-8")
 
         try:
@@ -618,7 +614,7 @@ def send_file(
                 "filename": unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", attachment_filename).encode(
                     "ascii", "ignore"
                 ),
-                "filename*": "UTF-8''%s" % url_quote(attachment_filename, safe=b""),
+                "filename*": "UTF-8''%s" % url_quote(attachment_filename, safe=""),
             }
         else:
             filenames = {"filename": attachment_filename}
@@ -678,7 +674,7 @@ def send_file(
                     os.path.getsize(filename),
                     adler32(
                         filename.encode("utf-8")
-                        if isinstance(filename, text_type)
+                        if isinstance(filename, str)
                         else filename
                     )
                     & 0xFFFFFFFF,
@@ -769,8 +765,8 @@ def send_from_directory(directory, filename, **options):
     :param options: optional keyword arguments that are directly
                     forwarded to :func:`send_file`.
     """
-    filename = fspath(filename)
-    directory = fspath(directory)
+    filename = os.fspath(filename)
+    directory = os.fspath(directory)
     filename = safe_join(directory, filename)
     if not os.path.isabs(filename):
         filename = os.path.join(current_app.root_path, filename)
@@ -1140,22 +1136,12 @@ def total_seconds(td):
 def is_ip(value):
     """Determine if the given string is an IP address.
 
-    Python 2 on Windows doesn't provide ``inet_pton``, so this only
-    checks IPv4 addresses in that environment.
-
     :param value: value to check
     :type value: str
 
     :return: True if string is an IP address
     :rtype: bool
     """
-    if PY2 and os.name == "nt":
-        try:
-            socket.inet_aton(value)
-            return True
-        except socket.error:
-            return False
-
     for family in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6):
         try:
             socket.inet_pton(family, value)
diff --git a/src/flask/json/__init__.py b/src/flask/json/__init__.py
index a141068b..0ef50d37 100644
--- a/src/flask/json/__init__.py
+++ b/src/flask/json/__init__.py
@@ -16,14 +16,13 @@ from itsdangerous import json as _json
 from jinja2 import Markup
 from werkzeug.http import http_date
 
-from .._compat import PY2
-from .._compat import text_type
 from ..globals import current_app
 from ..globals import request
 
 try:
     import dataclasses
 except ImportError:
+    # Python < 3.7
     dataclasses = None
 
 # Figure out if simplejson escapes slashes.  This behavior was changed
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ class JSONEncoder(_json.JSONEncoder):
         if dataclasses and dataclasses.is_dataclass(o):
             return dataclasses.asdict(o)
         if hasattr(o, "__html__"):
-            return text_type(o.__html__())
+            return str(o.__html__())
         return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, o)
 
 
@@ -209,7 +208,7 @@ def dumps(obj, app=None, **kwargs):
     _dump_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
     encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
     rv = _json.dumps(obj, **kwargs)
-    if encoding is not None and isinstance(rv, text_type):
+    if encoding is not None and isinstance(rv, str):
         rv = rv.encode(encoding)
     return rv
 
@@ -256,8 +255,7 @@ def loads(s, app=None, **kwargs):
 def load(fp, app=None, **kwargs):
     """Like :func:`loads` but reads from a file object."""
     _load_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
-    if not PY2:
-        fp = _wrap_reader_for_text(fp, kwargs.pop("encoding", None) or "utf-8")
+    fp = _wrap_reader_for_text(fp, kwargs.pop("encoding", None) or "utf-8")
     return _json.load(fp, **kwargs)
 
 
@@ -300,7 +298,7 @@ def htmlsafe_dumps(obj, **kwargs):
 
 def htmlsafe_dump(obj, fp, **kwargs):
     """Like :func:`htmlsafe_dumps` but writes into a file object."""
-    fp.write(text_type(htmlsafe_dumps(obj, **kwargs)))
+    fp.write(str(htmlsafe_dumps(obj, **kwargs)))
 
 
 def jsonify(*args, **kwargs):
diff --git a/src/flask/json/tag.py b/src/flask/json/tag.py
index 5f338d95..42d51467 100644
--- a/src/flask/json/tag.py
+++ b/src/flask/json/tag.py
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ from jinja2 import Markup
 from werkzeug.http import http_date
 from werkzeug.http import parse_date
 
-from .._compat import iteritems
-from .._compat import text_type
 from ..json import dumps
 from ..json import loads
 
@@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ class PassDict(JSONTag):
     def to_json(self, value):
         # JSON objects may only have string keys, so don't bother tagging the
         # key here.
-        return dict((k, self.serializer.tag(v)) for k, v in iteritems(value))
+        return dict((k, self.serializer.tag(v)) for k, v in value.items())
 
     tag = to_json
 
@@ -181,7 +179,7 @@ class TagMarkup(JSONTag):
         return callable(getattr(value, "__html__", None))
 
     def to_json(self, value):
-        return text_type(value.__html__())
+        return str(value.__html__())
 
     def to_python(self, value):
         return Markup(value)
diff --git a/src/flask/sessions.py b/src/flask/sessions.py
index fe2a20ee..e56163c3 100644
--- a/src/flask/sessions.py
+++ b/src/flask/sessions.py
@@ -10,19 +10,19 @@
 """
 import hashlib
 import warnings
+from collections.abc import MutableMapping
 from datetime import datetime
 
 from itsdangerous import BadSignature
 from itsdangerous import URLSafeTimedSerializer
 from werkzeug.datastructures import CallbackDict
 
-from ._compat import collections_abc
 from .helpers import is_ip
 from .helpers import total_seconds
 from .json.tag import TaggedJSONSerializer
 
 
-class SessionMixin(collections_abc.MutableMapping):
+class SessionMixin(MutableMapping):
     """Expands a basic dictionary with session attributes."""
 
     @property
diff --git a/src/flask/views.py b/src/flask/views.py
index b3f90768..1c5828b8 100644
--- a/src/flask/views.py
+++ b/src/flask/views.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
     :copyright: 2010 Pallets
     :license: BSD-3-Clause
 """
-from ._compat import with_metaclass
 from .globals import request
 
 
@@ -135,7 +134,7 @@ class MethodViewType(type):
                 cls.methods = methods
 
 
-class MethodView(with_metaclass(MethodViewType, View)):
+class MethodView(View, metaclass=MethodViewType):
     """A class-based view that dispatches request methods to the corresponding
     class methods. For example, if you implement a ``get`` method, it will be
     used to handle ``GET`` requests. ::
diff --git a/tests/test_basic.py b/tests/test_basic.py
index 2328a82c..d1313f2f 100644
--- a/tests/test_basic.py
+++ b/tests/test_basic.py
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ from werkzeug.http import parse_date
 from werkzeug.routing import BuildError
 
 import flask
-from flask._compat import text_type
 
 
 def test_options_work(app, client):
@@ -413,7 +412,7 @@ def test_session_expiration(app, client):
 
     @app.route("/test")
     def test():
-        return text_type(flask.session.permanent)
+        return str(flask.session.permanent)
 
     rv = client.get("/")
     assert "set-cookie" in rv.headers
diff --git a/tests/test_blueprints.py b/tests/test_blueprints.py
index 6a5e333b..bc7fe260 100644
--- a/tests/test_blueprints.py
+++ b/tests/test_blueprints.py
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ from jinja2 import TemplateNotFound
 from werkzeug.http import parse_cache_control_header
 
 import flask
-from flask._compat import text_type
 
 
 def test_blueprint_specific_error_handling(app, client):
@@ -150,7 +149,7 @@ def test_blueprint_url_defaults(app, client):
 
     @bp.route("/bar")
     def bar(bar):
-        return text_type(bar)
+        return str(bar)
 
     app.register_blueprint(bp, url_prefix="/1", url_defaults={"bar": 23})
     app.register_blueprint(bp, url_prefix="/2", url_defaults={"bar": 19})
diff --git a/tests/test_config.py b/tests/test_config.py
index 450af8ce..33b270bb 100644
--- a/tests/test_config.py
+++ b/tests/test_config.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ from datetime import timedelta
 import pytest
 
 import flask
-from flask._compat import PY2
 
 
 # config keys used for the TestConfig
@@ -198,6 +197,4 @@ def test_from_pyfile_weird_encoding(tmpdir, encoding):
     app = flask.Flask(__name__)
     app.config.from_pyfile(str(f))
     value = app.config["TEST_VALUE"]
-    if PY2:
-        value = value.decode(encoding)
     assert value == u"föö"
diff --git a/tests/test_helpers.py b/tests/test_helpers.py
index c0138a3c..eeae481b 100644
--- a/tests/test_helpers.py
+++ b/tests/test_helpers.py
@@ -24,9 +24,6 @@ from werkzeug.http import parse_options_header
 
 import flask
 from flask import json
-from flask._compat import PY2
-from flask._compat import StringIO
-from flask._compat import text_type
 from flask.helpers import get_debug_flag
 from flask.helpers import get_env
 
@@ -116,7 +113,7 @@ class TestJSON(object):
     def test_json_bad_requests(self, app, client):
         @app.route("/json", methods=["POST"])
         def return_json():
-            return flask.jsonify(foo=text_type(flask.request.get_json()))
+            return flask.jsonify(foo=str(flask.request.get_json()))
 
         rv = client.post("/json", data="malformed", content_type="application/json")
         assert rv.status_code == 400
@@ -140,7 +137,7 @@ class TestJSON(object):
 
     def test_json_dump_to_file(self, app, app_ctx):
         test_data = {"name": "Flask"}
-        out = StringIO()
+        out = io.StringIO()
 
         flask.json.dump(test_data, out)
         out.seek(0)
@@ -254,7 +251,7 @@ class TestJSON(object):
         @app.route("/add", methods=["POST"])
         def add():
             json = flask.request.get_json()
-            return text_type(json["a"] + json["b"])
+            return str(json["a"] + json["b"])
 
         rv = client.post(
             "/add",
@@ -267,7 +264,7 @@ class TestJSON(object):
         render = flask.render_template_string
         rv = flask.json.htmlsafe_dumps("</script>")
         assert rv == u'"\\u003c/script\\u003e"'
-        assert type(rv) == text_type
+        assert type(rv) is str
         rv = render('{{ "</script>"|tojson }}')
         assert rv == '"\\u003c/script\\u003e"'
         rv = render('{{ "<\0/script>"|tojson }}')
@@ -447,7 +444,7 @@ class TestJSON(object):
             assert lines == sorted_by_str
 
 
-class PyStringIO(object):
+class PyBytesIO(object):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._io = io.BytesIO(*args, **kwargs)
 
@@ -503,11 +500,7 @@ class TestSendfile(object):
         [
             lambda app: open(os.path.join(app.static_folder, "index.html"), "rb"),
             lambda app: io.BytesIO(b"Test"),
-            pytest.param(
-                lambda app: StringIO("Test"),
-                marks=pytest.mark.skipif(not PY2, reason="Python 2 only"),
-            ),
-            lambda app: PyStringIO(b"Test"),
+            lambda app: PyBytesIO(b"Test"),
         ],
     )
     @pytest.mark.usefixtures("req_ctx")
@@ -525,10 +518,7 @@ class TestSendfile(object):
         "opener",
         [
             lambda app: io.StringIO(u"Test"),
-            pytest.param(
-                lambda app: open(os.path.join(app.static_folder, "index.html")),
-                marks=pytest.mark.skipif(PY2, reason="Python 3 only"),
-            ),
+            lambda app: open(os.path.join(app.static_folder, "index.html")),
         ],
     )
     @pytest.mark.usefixtures("req_ctx")
diff --git a/tests/test_instance_config.py b/tests/test_instance_config.py
index 0464565f..f892cb5d 100644
--- a/tests/test_instance_config.py
+++ b/tests/test_instance_config.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import sys
 import pytest
 
 import flask
-from flask._compat import PY2
 
 
 def test_explicit_instance_paths(modules_tmpdir):
@@ -128,19 +127,3 @@ def test_egg_installed_paths(install_egg, modules_tmpdir, modules_tmpdir_prefix)
     finally:
         if "site_egg" in sys.modules:
             del sys.modules["site_egg"]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.skipif(not PY2, reason="This only works under Python 2.")
-def test_meta_path_loader_without_is_package(request, modules_tmpdir):
-    app = modules_tmpdir.join("unimportable.py")
-    app.write("import flask\napp = flask.Flask(__name__)")
-
-    class Loader(object):
-        def find_module(self, name, path=None):
-            return self
-
-    sys.meta_path.append(Loader())
-    request.addfinalizer(sys.meta_path.pop)
-
-    with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
-        import unimportable  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/tests/test_logging.py b/tests/test_logging.py
index e5a96af0..b16da932 100644
--- a/tests/test_logging.py
+++ b/tests/test_logging.py
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ tests.test_logging
 """
 import logging
 import sys
+from io import StringIO
 
 import pytest
 
-from flask._compat import StringIO
 from flask.logging import default_handler
 from flask.logging import has_level_handler
 from flask.logging import wsgi_errors_stream
diff --git a/tests/test_meta.py b/tests/test_meta.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 97403823..00000000
--- a/tests/test_meta.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-import io
-
-
-def test_changelog_utf8_compatible():
-    with io.open("CHANGES.rst", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
-        f.read()
diff --git a/tests/test_subclassing.py b/tests/test_subclassing.py
index 0ac278b5..01f6b666 100644
--- a/tests/test_subclassing.py
+++ b/tests/test_subclassing.py
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@
     :copyright: 2010 Pallets
     :license: BSD-3-Clause
 """
+from io import StringIO
+
 import flask
-from flask._compat import StringIO
 
 
 def test_suppressed_exception_logging():
diff --git a/tests/test_testing.py b/tests/test_testing.py
index 674ec378..8571115c 100644
--- a/tests/test_testing.py
+++ b/tests/test_testing.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import werkzeug
 
 import flask
 from flask import appcontext_popped
-from flask._compat import text_type
 from flask.cli import ScriptInfo
 from flask.json import jsonify
 from flask.testing import EnvironBuilder
@@ -184,7 +183,7 @@ def test_redirect_keep_session(app, client, app_ctx):
 def test_session_transactions(app, client):
     @app.route("/")
     def index():
-        return text_type(flask.session["foo"])
+        return str(flask.session["foo"])
 
     with client:
         with client.session_transaction() as sess: